The Yankees Are Not Right On

There was an article in Cracked.com about how, after doing movies about their "original characters," paralleling the comics company's 1960s, the Marvel Cinematic Universe is now "entering its 1970s phase."

The author, listed as "JM McNab" (like CC Sabathia, no periods), closed his article by saying, "Everyone's hyped for a Star Wars movie and can't stop debating a Presidential impeachment, so maybe this 'reliving the '70s' thing has wider implications than we thought."

Except the original Star Wars didn't get released until May 25, 1977, nearly 3 years after Richard Nixon resigned to avoid a sure impeachment and removal.

Even more unfortunately, the Yankees are still in an early-to-mid-70s phase, where the Steinbrenner family is in charge, but relatively quiet, and not taking the necessary steps, while the Mets and Red Sox get better headlines. I'm still waiting for the late 1970s.

Except for the disco music. We still get "Y.M.C.A." by the Village People played after the 5th inning. But when that song was released, on November 13, 1978, the Yankees were 2-time defending World Champions. The good old days, for baseball if not for music.

This morning, somebody conducted a Twitter poll, asking if 2020 should be the last season for John Sterling, now 81 years old, as "the Voice of the Yankees."

I said no, that, instead, 2019 should be the last season for Brian Cashman to be the voice of the Yankees.

We don't need Hal Steinbrenner and Brian Cashman. We need new versions of the 1977 George Steinbrenner and Gabe Paul. Give me that, and I'll be happy with Aaron Boone as manager instead of Billy Martin. That would be right on!

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November 8, 1519, 500 years ago: Moctezuma II, Emperor of Tenochtitlan, meets Hernán Cortés
de Monroy y Pizarro Altamirano, captain of a Spanish expedition to the Aztec Empire. History remembers them as Montezuma and Hernando Cortes. On June 29, 1520, Cortes' men killed Montezuma, and the Spanish conquest of the Western Hemisphere was on.

November 8, 1572: The States General of the Netherlands (Staaten-Generaal) openly rebels against the Empire of Spain. In 1581, it will proclaim the Dutch Republic. In 1648, the Peace of Westphalia guaranteed, among other things, that Spain would accept the sovereignty of the Dutch Republic.

The Republic was replaced in 1795 by the Batavian Republic, in 1806 by the Kingdom of Holland (as a client state of Napoleon Bonaparte's Empire of France), and in 1815 by the United Kingdom of the Netherlands. In 1830, Belgium broke away. In 1839, so did Luxembourg.

But the Netherlands became a great nation, renowned for art, culture and tolerance. And, in the 1970s, soccer, though it would lose 2 World Cup Finals -- in each case, to the host nation: West Germany in 1974 and Argentina in 1978. In 2010, in South Africa, a nation with a heavy Dutch influence, Spain would gain a small measure of revenge for losing the Dutch, by beating the Netherlands team in a nasty World Cup Final.

November 8, 1732: John Dickinson is born in Trappe, Maryland. In 1774, as a member of the Continental Congress, he wrote the Petition to the King, to try to get King George III of Britain to stop oppressing the people of what was then known as British America. In 1775, he wrote the Olive Branch Petition. Both of these went unheeded.

Oddly, he opposed independence, and did not sign the Declaration of Independence when given the chance to do so. Nevertheless, he joined the Pennsylvania militia, rising to the rank of Brigadier General.

He later drafted the Articles of Confederation that governed the new nation, until 1787, when he was a delegate to the Constitutional Convention, and did approve and sign the Constitution of the United States. In between, he served as President of Delaware, then as President of Pennsylvania (as the office of chief executive of those States was then known). He died in 1808. Dickinson College in Carlisle Pennsylvania is named for him, as is Penn State's law school.

November 8, 1838: Rufus Wheeler Peckham is born in Albany, New York. He was District Attorney for Albany County, and was elected to New York State's Supreme Court. That got the attention of the Governor, Grover Cleveland, himself a lawyer.

In 1895, by then President, Cleveland appointed him to the U.S. Supreme Court, and he served until his death in 1909. Unfortunately, this included siding with legal segregation in Plessy v. Ferguson in 1896.

November 8, 1861: The USS San Jacinto intercepts the British ship RMS Trent, and captures 2 Confederate diplomats who were sailing to Europe to try to enlist Britain and France into allying with the Confederate States of America in the American Civil War.

The British government demanded an apology over what became known as The Trent Affair. President Abraham Lincoln walked a fine line, releasing the diplomats, and disavowing the San Jacinto's actions, but not apologizing. The diplomats did reach Britain and France, but failed.

Had they succeeded, the entry of Britain and France into the conflict would have led to the Union's defeat, and slavery might have survived in North America for years to come.

November 8, 1864: After looking like he would lose just 2 months earlier, President Abraham Lincoln is re-elected. General William Tecumseh Sherman won the Battle of Atlanta, and after that, Lincoln's challenger, his former General-in-Chief, George McClellan, didn't have a chance. Lincoln won 55 percent of the popular vote to McClellan's 45, and took 22 States to McClellan's 3 -- New Jersey, Delaware and Kentucky -- for a 212-21 Electoral Vote win.

McClellan had run as a "peace candidate," willing to give the Confederacy its independence in exchange for an end to the war. Now, victory was in sight, and Lincoln was a far easier winner than anyone had anticipated.

November 8, 1879, 140 years ago: Margaret O'Neill Eaton dies in poverty in Washington, D.C. shortly before her 80th birthday, her 3rd husband having run off with her fortune and another woman. It was her 2nd marriage, to John Eaton, that shook the country in the early 1830s.

Eaton was a U.S. Senator from Virginia, and an ally of General Andrew Jackson. When Jackson was elected President in 1828, he appointed Eaton his Secretary of War (the position we now call Secretary of Defense). But the wives of the other Cabinet members refused to accept his wife, better known as Peggy Eaton, because she had married Eaton rather soon after her 1st husband was lost at sea -- and, for all anybody knew, still alive.

Jackson blew his stack at this, because it reminded him not only of how his own marriage to Rachel Donelson began (it turned out that her divorce from her abusive prick of a 1st husband wasn't yet final), but also of how the Washington establishment had abused her into the grave, making her the only woman to die between her husband's election and his Inauguration. In Eaton, "Old Hickory" saw himself; in Peggy, he saw Rachel.

Peggy was probably her own worst enemy, and her behavior did not help her cause. It became known as "The Petticoat Affair," and Jackson found it hard to get anything done. The one Cabinet member who seemed to accept Peggy was the Secretary of State, who was a widower and thus didn't have a wife to snub her. That was Martin Van Buren, who had used his power as Governor of New York to become a big reason why Jackson did so well in the North.

On June 18, 1831, Jackson realized that the Eatons were more of a liability than friendship could allow, and John Eaton "resigned." But Jackson ended up firing most of the Cabinet, and prevented Vice President John C. Calhoun from running with him for a 2nd term in 1832. Van Buren became the Vice Presidential nominee. In 1834, Jackson appointed Eaton Governor of the Florida Territory (it didn't become a State until 1845), and in 1836 U.S. Minister to Spain. When Jackson decided to accept the traditional (not yet Constitutional) 2-term limit in 1836, it was Van Buren that he got nominated for President, and he won.

November 8, 1887: Doc Holliday dies of tuberculosis at a sanatarium in Glenwood Springs, Colorado, becoming one of many TB patients to go to Colorado thinking that the mountain air would help his afflicted lungs. He was just 36. He was seen to utter his last words, looking at his bare feet, and dying in bed, and say, "This is funny."

It was funny to him because he was one of the Wild West's best-known gunmen, and he fully expected to "die with his boots on" in a gunfight. The nickname was not just a nickname: John Henry Holliday was a dentist, but he was also highly skilled with both pistol and shotgun. It was a shotgun that he took with him to the OK Corral in Tombstone, Arizona on October 26, 1881, with the Earp brothers. He appears to have been the man who killed the outlaw Johnny Ringo the next year.

The late baseball pitcher Roy Halladay was nicknamed "Doc" in his honor. He's been played in films by, among others, Cesar Romero, Walter Huston, Victor Mature, Kirk Douglas, Arthur Kennedy, Jason Robards, Stacy Keah, Dennis Hopper, Val Kilmer, both Dennis and Randy Quaid, and, in an upcoming film bio, Jeremy Renner.

He's been played on TV by Adam West (the future Batman played him 3 times), Myron Healey (on The Life and Legend of Wyatt Earp), Martin Landau (on Tales of Wells Fargo), Christopher Dark (on Bonanza) and Sam Gilman (on the Star Trek episode "Spectre of the Gun"). The fantasy Western Wynonna Earp imagines him to have survived to the present day, and he joins forces with Wyatt's great-great-granddaughter to battle supernatural creatures -- and produce a child. He's played by Tim Rozon.

Also on this day, Frederick Brent Rentschler is born outside Cincinnati in Hamilton, Ohio. He was one of the earliest aircraft designers, founding the companies that would become Pratt & Whitney Aircraft and United Technologies.

He died in 1956. Rentschler Field, an airport in East Hartford, Connecticut, would be named for him. When a 40,000-seat football stadium was built on the site for the University of Connecticut football team, it was named Pratt & Whitney Stadium at Rentschler Field.

November 8, 1889, 130 years ago: Montana enters the Union as the 41st State.

November 8, 1892: For the 1st time, a former President is returned to the office. Grover Cleveland, the 22nd President of the United States, becomes the 24th President (a ruling by the State Department has decided that he is designated as the 22nd and the 24th), defeating the man who, under dubious circumstances, defeated him 4 years earlier, the 23rd President, Benjamin Harrison.

It was a 3-way race, and, as a result, for the 3rd time, Cleveland finished 1st in the popular vote without getting a majority: He had 46 percent, Harrison 43 percent, and James P. Weaver of the Populist Party 8.5 percent. Cleveland won 277 Electoral Votes, Harrison 145, and Weaver 22.

November 8, 1894, 125 years ago: Michael Joseph Kelly, sometimes (erroneously) called baseball's 1st true superstar, dies in Boston, where he had been scheduled to appear in vaudeville. He had taken a ferry up from New York, and caught pneumonia. Had today's medicine been available then, he would have been fine. Instead, the pneumonia, and the toll of years of alcoholism, killed him at age 36.

The catcher for the Chicago White Stockings (Cubs), the 1st player sold for $10,000 (after the 1886 season, to the Boston Beaneaters, forerunners of the Braves), definitely the subject of the song "Slide, Kelly, Slide," and possibly the inspiration for the poem "Casey at the Bat," Kelly had played his last major league game only 14 months earlier, and his last professional game 3 months previously.

He might not have been finished, and if he'd taken care of himself, he certainly wouldn't have been. As great a player as he was, he wasn't very smart when it came to handling himself. He was thus a precursor to many players, including Mickey Mantle and Manny Ramirez.

He was married, but his only child had died shortly after birth, earlier in 1894. The Baseball Hall of Fame was not established until 1936. When it elected him in 1945, there was no one available to accept his plaque. Had he taken better care of himself, he would then have been 87.

Also on this day, poet Robert Frost has his work published for the 1st time. His poem "My Butterfly" is published in a newspaper, The New York Independent. They pay him $15.

November 8, 1896: The College of the Holy Cross hosts Boston College in Worcester, Massachusetts, and wins 6-2. This is the 1st game of a local football rivalry that lasted until 1986, when changing conference affiliations made it difficult.

This past September 8, they played each other in football for the 1st time in 22 years. Holy Cross may regret it, because BC beat them 62-14. BC leads the rivalry 49-31-3.

Also on this day, Stanley Raymond Harris is born in Port Jervis, Rockland County, New York, and grows up in nearby Pittston, Pennsylvania. In 1919, Bucky Harris debuted as the 2nd baseman for the Washington Senators. In a 1920 game, there was an incident on the field, and he stood up to Ty Cobb. His status as a respected player, including by Cobb himself, was immediate.

Ind in 1924, only 27 years old, he was named the Senators' permanent manager -- the youngest in baseball history to that point. (Roger Peckinpaugh had been 23 when he finished out the 1914 season as interim manager of the Yankees.) It worked: While still excelling as a player, Harris led the Senators to back-to-back Pennants, and to their only World Championship in 1924.

He was fired after the 1928 season, and bounced around, managing the Senators a total of 3 times. He managed the Yankees to a World Championship in 1947, but after a 3rd place finish in 1948, he was fired for Casey Stengel.

He last managed with the Detroit Tigers in 1956, still ranks 7th on the all-time list of managerial wins (although he lost more games, managing mostly weak teams), was elected to the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1975, and died on his 81st birthday, November 8, 1977.

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November 8, 1900: Margaret Munnerlyn Mitchell is born in Atlanta. The granddaughter of a Confederate soldier who made a fortune in lumber used to rebuild Atlanta after Union forces burned it down in 1864, she became a writer for the Atlanta Journal, and read voraciously. At one point, her 2nd husband, John Robert Marsh, finally yelled, "For God's sake, Peggy! Can't you write a book, instead of reading thousands of them?"

So she wrote a novel, about plantation life in Georgia, published in 1936: Gone With the Wind. Both it and the movie made of it in 1939 are shameless pandering to the antebellum South and the postwar South's devotion to its "Lost Cause."

Although she had several articles published in the Journal, and also wrote a novella, GWTW was her only novel published in her lifetime. She served as a Red Cross volunteer in World War II, and died on August 16, 1949, 5 days after being hit by a car as she was walking across Peachtree Street. She was 48, and was survived by her husband. They had no children. The driver served 11 months in prison for involuntary manslaughter, and lived until 1994.

Unlike William Faulkner, the other preeminent Southern writer of the 20th Century, Margaret Mitchell, a.k.a. Peggy Marsh, who was only 3 years younger, did not live to see Brown v. Board, the Montgomery Bus Boycott, the Little Rock Nine, the Greensboro sit-ins, or the integration of Ole Miss. Neither lived to see the integration of the University of Alabama, the Civil Rights Act of 1964, or the Voting Rights Act of 1965. We can only guess how it would have affected their writing.

November 8, 1903: Luigi Allemandi is born in San Damiano Macri, Piedmont, Italy. In 1926, the left back for Turin's Juventus was offered 50,000 lira to throw the season-ending Turin derby with Torino, which had already clinched the Serie A (Italian league) title. He got the promised 25,000 before the game, and Torino won. But when he went to collect the rest after the game, he was refused, and this was overheard by a reporter. As a result, Torino was stripped of the title, and 2nd place Juventus was awarded it. But Allemandi was stripped of his right to a winner's medal, and banned for life.

He was pardoned in 1928, and he joined Milan side Internazionale, known as Ambrosiana during the Mussolini regime, and won the title in 1930. He was with the Italy team that won the 1934 World Cup on home soil, and later served as Italy's Captain, his rehabilitation complete. He later managed Rome club SS Lazio, and died in 1978.

November 8, 1904: Theodore Roosevelt, who became President when William McKinley was assassinated 3 years earlier, is elected in his own right, the 1st "accidental President" to achieve the honor. John Tyler in 1844, Millard Fillmore in 1852, and Andrew Johnson in 1868 were so unpopular that they knew they wouldn't be nominated. Chester Arthur decided in 1884 that he was too ill to try.

It was an easy choice: The massively charismatic and widely-experienced TR was opposed by the incredibly boring Alton B. Parker, whose highest office was as a federal judge. That's how strapped for talent the Democratic Party was at the time.

TR got 56 percent of the popular vote, Parker not even 38 percent. TR got 336 Electoral Votes, Parker only 140, all in the "Solid South," which wouldn't have voted for Jesus if he were nominated by the Party of Lincoln. (It was only 40 years since the Civil War, after all.) TR did get 47 percent in Kentucky and 43 percent in Tennessee.

That night, TR makes a big mistake: He tells the press he won't run for what would amount to a 3rd term in 1908. He keeps his promise, but he tries again in 1912, and it splits the Republican Party. In a way, that split between well-meaning progressives and selfish conservatives has never been healed.

November 8, 1909, 110 years ago: William Drought Cox is born in Manhattan. A Yale graduate and a lumber broker, in 1941 he was President of the 3rd American Football League and the owner of its New York Americans -- under the rules of that league, legal. But the manpower drain of World War II killed the league.

In 1943, he bought the bankrupt Philadelphia Phillies. At age 33, he was the youngest owner in Major League Baseball. He was a hands-on owner, invested in the team's farm system, brought in a Yale classmate who was a conditioning coach, and by July 27, they had won just 4 fewer games than they had won all through 1942.

But manager Bucky Harris (who, as you can see, shared his birthday, but the former Boy Wonder was a little older) chafed against his methods, and on July 27, Cox fired Harris. On July 28, Harris dropped a bomb: He revealed that Cox had placed bets on the Phillies. To win. That didn't matter. On November 23, having completed his investigation, Commissioner Kenesaw Mountain Landis banned Cox for life -- the only owner ever to receive this penalty and have it stand.

Indeed, since Cox, only 2 men have been banned for life: George Steinbrenner, who applied for reinstatement and got it; and Pete Rose, who applied for reinstatement and has never had his appeal heard.

The Phillies were bought by Bob Carpenter, who continued the Cox innovations but not the Cox gambling -- as a member of the wealthy Carpenter and du Pont families, he didn't need to. The Phillies won the Pennant in 1950, but fell apart. In 1972, Carpenter would turn the operation of the Phillies over to his son Ruly, who thus followed in Cox' footsteps as the youngest operator of an MLB team and as a rebuilder, winning the World Series in 1980.

Cox lived long enough to see these events. In 1960, he created the International Soccer League. In 1967, he founded the National Professional Soccer League. The next year, it was merged to become the North American Soccer League. Cox then left sports for other business interests, and lived until 1909.

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November 8, 1913: Frank Joseph McGuire is born in Manhattan. Although he played basketball at St. John's University in Queens, and also in an early pro league, he is better known as a coach. He was St. John's head coach from 1947 to 1952, reaching the 1952 NCAA Final, losing to the University of Kansas.

Among his players were the brothers Al and Dick McGuire, no relation to him. Dick became a great player for the Knicks. While Al was a marginal player for the Knicks, he became the head coach at Marquette University in Milwaukee, leading them to the 1977 National Championship, and becoming a great sportscaster.

After the 1952 NCAA Tournament, Frank McGuire was hired by the University of North Carolina. He brought down New Yorkers, Irish Catholics like Tommy Kearns and Jews like Lennie Rosenbluth. It became known as the Underground Railroad -- almost the opposite of the original version, although his players were hardly slaves. In 1957, he led the Tar Heels to an undefeated season, beating Kansas and Wilt Chamberlain in the Final.

In 1961, a point-shaving scandal forced him to leave Chapel Hill, and hand the reins to his assistant -- ironically, given his 2 Final appearances, a Kansas man, Dean Smith. McGuire became the head coach of the Philadelphia Warriors, with Chamberlain, who had the greatest individual season any basketball player has ever had, averaging 50.4 points per game, including a 100-point game against the Knicks on March 2, 1962.

But when the Warriors were sold to Frank Mieuli, he moved them to San Francisco, and McGuire didn't want to go west. He spent 2 years working in public relations in New York, and then from 1964 to 1980 coached the University of South Carolina, leading them to the 1971 Atlantic Coast Conference Championship. He went 549-237 in his career, was elected to the Basketball Hall of Fame, and lived until 1994.

November 8, 1917: Bernard Ramsden (no middle name) is born in Sheffield, Yorkshire, England. A fullback, Barney Ramsden played for Liverpool's League Champions in 1947. He died in 1976.

November 8, 1918: For the 8th and last time, and just 3 days before the Armistice ending it, a Major League Baseball player dies as a result of serving in World War I.

La Verne Ashford "Larry" Chappell was an outfielder, and played for the Chicago White Sox in 1913, '14 and '15; the Cleveland Indians in 1916; and the Boston Braves in 1916 and '17. He never made it overseas, dying in the Spanish Flu epidemic at a U.S. Army camp in San Francisco. He was 28 years old.

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November 8, 1920: Waldon Thomas Westlake is born in Gridley, California, and grows up in nearby Sacramento. A right fielder, he played for the Pittsburgh Pirates when they were partly owned by Bing Crosby, and the Cleveland Indians when they were partly owned by Crosby's musical film partner, Bob Hope.

He also played for the St. Louis Cardinals and the Philadelphia Phillies, meaning his teammates included Hank Greenberg and Ralph Kiner in Pittsburgh, then Stan Musial in St. Louis, then Bob Feller in Cleveland, and then Richie Ashburn and Robin Roberts in Philadelphia.

He was an All-Star with the 1951 Pirates, and helped the Indians win the 1954 American League Pennant. For his career, he batted .272 with 127 home runs, not a bad total considering he played most of his home games at Pittsburgh's Forbes Field and Cleveland Municipal Stadium, which were very favorable to pitchers. He died this past September 5, at 98.

November 8, 1922: Thomas Luttgen Walker is born in Milwaukee. This Tommy Walker is not the character from The Who's rock opera Tommy. But this one also has a musical legacy, connected to sports.

Both a placekicker on the University of Southern California football team and a trumpeter in the school's marching band, he wrote a fanfare that he said was a combination of cavalry charge calls and "The Call to the Post" at horse races. After playing it, "Da da da DAT da DAH!" he would yell, "Trojan warriors, charge!" Eventually, the "Trojan warriors" part was dropped, and it is now universally known as "Charge!" Walker later became the director of events at nearby Disneyland, and died in 1986.

A Yankee legend said that Yankee Stadium organist Eddie Layton invented "Charge!" in 1967. He didn't, and never claimed he did. But, at that time, he did invent the rhythm that gets played there before "Charge!": "DUN dun dun dun DUN dun dun dun... " Mike Burke, then president of the Yankees, heard the fans clapping along with it, and told him to make it a regular thing. He did, and began following it with "Charge!" Sports Illustrated cleared the matter up in a 1990 article.

Also on this day, Ademir Marques de Menezes is born in Recife, Brazil. Better known by just his first name, Ademir was one of the leading figures in Brazilian football, starring for hometown club Sport Recife and Rio de Janeiro club Vasco da Gama.

He led the Brazilian national team to the Final of the 1950 World Cup on home soil, but spectacularly lost. He did, however, take them to victory in the 1952 Panamerican Championship. He died in 1996.

Also on this day, Christiaan Neethling Barnard is born in Beaufort West, South Africa. In 1967, he performed the 1st human-to-human heart transplant. The patient, Louis Washkansky, lived 18 days, but his immune system had been weakened by the drugs he was given to prevent rejection of the donor heart, and he died of pneumonia.

Barnard would continue to perform heart transplants, one of his patients living 32 years thereafter. He eventually retired from surgery due to arthritis. An Afrikaner (South Africa native of Dutch ancestry), he opposed his homeland's governmental policy of apartheid, and lived long enough to see it overturned, dying in 2001.

November 8, 1924: War Memorial Stadium opens on the campus of the University of Texas in Austin. Surprisingly, the Longhorns lose to Baylor University, 28-10.

It is renamed simply Memorial Stadium in 1948, Texas Memorial Stadium in 1977, and Darrell K. Royal-Texas Memorial Stadium in 1995, after the coach who led the Longhorns to the 1963, 1969 and 1970 National Championships. This past September 15, for Texas' 37-14 win over USC, it attracted a record crowd of 103,507.

Also on this day, John William Kiszkan is born in Prince Albert, Saskatchewan. We knew him as Johnny Bower. He served in the Canadian Army during World War II, but was discharged due to rheumatoid arthritis. But it didn't stop him from becoming one of the top hockey goaltenders of all time.

Having only 6 teams in the NHL at his peak meant that he toiled for one of the top minor-league teams, the Cleveland Barons, from 1945 to 1958, with occasional callups to the New York Rangers from 1954 to 1957. He helped the Barons win 3 Calder Cups.

In 1958, he was acquired by the Toronto Maple Leafs, finally a regular starter at age 34. He helped them reach the Stanley Cup Finals 6 times, including winning the Cup in 1962, 1963, 1964 and 1967, the last of these at age 42. He retired in 1969.

He was named to the Hockey Hall of Fame in 1976, The Hockey News' 100 Greatest Players in 1998, and the NHL's 100th Anniversary 100 Greatest Players in 2017. The Cleveland Monsters retired his Number 1 in honor of his work with the Barons, and the Leafs retired Number 1 for him and his predecessor, Walter "Turk" Broda. Bower died on December 26, 2017, living long enough to be part of the Leafs' on-ice celebrations for their 100th Anniversary, and for the 50th Anniversary of their 1962, '63, '64 and '67 Cups.

November 8, 1927: Leonard Edward Wills is born in Hackney, North London. A right back, Len Wills was with local side Arsenal when they won the 1950 FA Cup and the 1953 League title, but didn't make his senior debut with them until the following season, playing 9 seasons. He died in 2010.

Also on this day, Clara Ann Fowler is born in Claremore, in northeastern Oklahoma, not far from Spavinaw, where Mickey Mantle would be born 3 1/2 years later. Her family was poor as well, but she would also become famous at age 19, taking her name from the sponsor of the radio show of the band for which she sang, the Page Milk Company: Patti Page. There's another thing she had in common with Mickey: Although it wasn't her real name, it was alliterative.

In late 1950, not long before Mickey's major league debut, she had a Number 1 hit, which would be the biggest hit of her career, "The Tennessee Waltz." She managed to continue having hits into the early years of rock and roll, partly due to having her own TV show from 1955 to 1959.

When her pop hits ran out, she returned to her roots, and had a few country hits. When PBS began doing its My Music series of reunion shows early in the 21st Century, she was one of the few performers from before the Rock and Roll Era still performing, and sang for one of their shows. She died in 2013.

Eddie Robinson, now the oldest living ex-Yankee, claims that he dated her before the 1st of her 3 marriages. She and her 2nd husband adopted a son and a daughter.

November 8, 1929, 90 years ago: Robert Clekler Bowden is born in Birmingham, Alabama. A quarterback at Samford University in his home State, he never played pro ball. He went into coaching, and in 1970, he became the head coach at West Virginia University. There was no conference title for him to win at the time, but he got them into the Peach Bowl twice, losing in the 1972 season, and winning in 1975.

Florida State University, for whom he had once coached receivers, hired him for the 1976 season. It was a tough job. Their 2nd-best-known player ever was a receiver he'd coached, Oakland Raiders superstar Fred Biletnikoff. First? Actor Burt Reynolds. How tough was it? As Bobby himself explained, "At West Virginia, the bumper stickers say BEAT PITT. Here, they say BEAT ANYBODY."

He did. In just 2 years, he went from 5-6 to 10-2. From 1987 to 2000, he went 152-19-1, for a winning percentage of .887. Losing to the University of Miami on last-play field goals cost him shots at the National Championship, in 1991 and 1992, but they finally won it in 1993, and won it again in 1999. When the Seminoles entered the Atlantic Coast Conference in 1992, they won 12 of their 1st 14 shots at the title. He won 4 Sugar Bowls, 3 Orange Bowls and a Cotton Bowl. His last game was the 2010 Gator Bowl, a win over, appropriately enough, West Virginia.

His total career record, in 44 seasons as a head coach, was 377-129-4. For a time, he and Penn State's Joe Paterno went back and forth for the record of most career coaching wins. Paterno lasted longer, but then, while Bowden's career was hardly unblemished, the crimes on his watch were considerably lesser.

His son Terry coached at Auburn, where he was named 1993 Coach of the Year -- ahead of his father, who won the National Championship that season. His son Tommy was the head coach at Clemson, and his son Jeff was his offensive coordinator at FSU. Terry and Jeff now coach at the University of Akron, while Bobby, now 87, enjoys his retirement.

Also on this day, Bertrand Russell Berns is born in The Bronx. Bert Berns may have had a more profound effect upon human culture than his namesake, the British writer Bertrand Russell.

Under various names, including his own, he wrote "A Little Bit of Soap" by the Jarmels, "Twist and Shout" by the Isley Brothers (famously covered by the Beatles), "Tell Him" by the Exciters,""I Want Candy" by the Strangeloves, "Hang On Sloopy" by the McCoys (originally "My Girl Sloopy" by the Vibrations), "Twenty Five Miles" by Edwin Starr, and "Piece of My Heart," by Erma Franklin, Aretha's sister, although it became a hit for Big Brother and the Holding Company, whose lead singer was Janis Joplin.

Unfortunately, like fellow Bronx native Bobby Darin, he suffered rheumatic fever as a child, which left him with a bad heart. He died on December 30, 1967, before "Piece of My Heart" became a hit. That song's title became the title of a Broadway musical built around his songs, premiering in 2014. He was elected as a songwriter to the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame.

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November 8, 1930: Florida Field opens on the campus of the University of Florida in Gainesville. The opener does not go well for the Gators, who lose 20-0 to Alabama.

As the years pass, and as UF grew in prominence, the 21,769-seat facility grows to its present 88,548. The field is now named for "the Ol' Ball Coach" who was also their 1st Heisman Trophy winner, and the stadium is named for a citrus magnate and politician, also a UF graduate: Steve Spurrier-Florida Field at Ben Hill Griffin Stadium.

Also on this day, Raymondo Giuseppi Giovanni Baptiste Malavasi is born in Passaic, Passaic County, New Jersey. A guard, Ray Malavasi played Army football for head coach Earl "Red" Blaik and line coach Vince Lombardi, but was expelled from the U.S. Military Academy in West Point, New York as part of the 1951 cheating scandal.

No NFL team would touch him, and there was no "rebel league" to save him. So he went to the University of Mississippi, completing a degree in engineering while working as an assistant coach on their football team. That restored his good name, and he coached in college until he was hired as an assistant by the AFL's Denver Broncos in 1963, becoming their interim head coach in 1966.

He became the defensive coordinator of the Los Angeles Rams in 1973, and their head coach in 1978. In 1979, they went just 9-7, but it was enough to win the NFC Western Division, and he got them into Super Bowl XIV, where they lost to the Pittsburgh Steelers. It was the Rams franchise's only World Championship game appearance between 1955 and 1999.

He lasted until 1982, then coached on the staffs of the USFL's Oakland Invaders and Los Angeles Express. He died in 1987.

November 8, 1932: Governor Franklin D. Roosevelt is elected President of the United States, defeating the incumbent Republican, President Herbert Hoover. Due to the Great Depression, in just 4 years, Hoover went from winning 40 States to losing 42, from winning 444 Electoral Votes to 87 to losing 472 to 59, and from winning 58.2 percent of the popular vote to losing it 57.4 to 39.7.

This was not so much a hiring of FDR as it was a firing of Hoover. And, yes, Hoover can be blamed for how he handled the Depression: He didn't think he could do much, and the things that he did do, that worked a little, he should have done harder, and didn't. Indeed, much of FDR's New Deal was based not just on what he, and before him Al Smith, had done in the office of Governor of New York, but on some things Hoover did as President, like the Reconstruction Finance Corporation (RFC).

But Hoover shouldn't be blamed for the Depression itself.




November 8, 1937: Peter Brabrook (no middle name) is born in Greenwich, East London. A right wing, he was a member of local club West Ham United's team that won the 1964 FA Cup and the 1965 European Cup Winners' Cup. He played for England in the 1958 World Cup. He died in 2016.

November 8, 1938: Thomas Ernest Sanders is born in Manhattan. A forward, "Satch" Sanders played for New York University, and won 8 NBA Championships with the Boston Celtics from 1961 to 1969. But that's not why he's in the Basketball Hall of Fame.

He was elected as a "Contributor," because he coached at Harvard in 1977-78, making him the 1st black head coach in the Ivy League; and for running the Rookie Transition Program, which has helped many new players adjust to NBA life. He is still alive.

November 8, 1939, 80 years ago: According to DC Comics, 12-year-old Fawcett City orphan Billy Batson first says, "Shazam!", and "magic lightning" strikes him and turns him into Captain Marvel, a super-powered adult, on a November 8. The characters debuted in Whiz Comics #2, dated February 1940. So, November 8, 1939.

"Shazam" was the name of the ancient wizard who gave Billy his powers, his name spelled out by the initials of the gods and heroes who contributed those powers: S for the wisdom of Solomon, H for the strength of Hercules, A for the stamina of Atlas, Z for the power of Zeus, A for the courage of Achilles, and M for the speed of Mercury. (Some of these traits overlap: Clearly, Atlas had to have significant strength, and The Iliad calls Achilles "swift-footed.") To change back into Billy, Captain Marvel says, "Shazam!" again.

Originally, Billy was said to live in New York. When DC bought the rights to the characters from Fawcett Comics, it definitively wrote that Billy/Cap lived in Fawcett City. As with most DC cities, it is a fictional city whose exact location is left ambiguous. Most of the time, it's said to be in the Midwest, but this has varied from Indiana to Wisconsin to Minnesota.

The 1980s post-Crisis On Infinite Earths reboot moved Cap's adventures to San Francisco -- forcing a change in the radio station for which Billy becomes a teenage reporter from WHIZ to KWHZ, or "K-Whiz." This did not last, and by 1991, it was Fawcett City again.

Due to copyright issues, Marvel Comics holds the trademark on the name "Captain Marvel," and has used it for a succession of superheroes. So, for legal reasons, DC can use the name Captain Marvel for its character, but can't use that name as the title of any publication or video production based on him.

As a result, their comics, cartoons, and a 1974-77 live-action Saturday-morning CBS show have had to use the title Shazam! This has led to confusion, with some people thinking that the caped hero in the red costume with the yellow lightning bolt on his chest is, in fact, named Shazam. In 2012, DC made "Shazam" his official name.

This was not the case in 1941, when The Adventures of Captain Marvel made him the 1st superhero ever to appear in a movie. (Superman appeared in a cartoon later in the year, but not in a live-action film until 1948, with Batman debuting on screen in 1943.) Frank Coughlan Jr. (1916-2009), a former child actor already too old to play the part, played Billy Batson, and Tom Tyler (1903-1954) played Captain Marvel.

Warner Brothers is currently scheduled to release a new film, Shazam!, on April 5, 2019. Asher Angel, now 16 years old in real life, plays Billy, while Zachary Levi, 38, plays Cap, having already played a Marvel Comics character, the Asgardian warrior Fandral, in the Thor films.

Speaking of superhero origins...

November 8, 1940: The Mark of Zorro premieres, starring Tyrone Power as Don Diego Vega (whose name translates to "Lord James Star"), a nobleman in Spanish-controlled California in the early 19th Century. Like medieval England's Robin Hood, he is angry at the way those in power treat the people, and becomes an outlaw to help them, taking the name El Zorro (The Fox). The story had previously been filmed, silent, in 1920, with Douglas Fairbanks Sr.

Batman creator Bob Kane freely admitted that Zorro was an influence: A man appearing to be an effete, wealthy playboy dresses in black, has an often-comical assistant (Don Diego's servant Bernardo became Bruce Wayne's Alfred Pennyworth), has a hideout in a cave under his home, and has a black ride (Zorro's "Batmobile" being his horse, Tornado).

In some versions of Batman's origin, the Power version of The Mark of Zorro is the film that young Bruce was taken to by his parents, Thomas and Martha, after which the parents are shot and killed, and Bruce swears to take revenge on crime, in the tradition of Zorro. It's worth noting, though, that in most versions of the Zorro story, including the Disney-produced 1957-59 ABC TV series starring Guy Williams, the character's father, while wronged by the Spanish authorities, is still alive during the course of the story.

Also on this day, Joseph Rudolph Nossek is born in Cleveland. A light-hitting outfielder, Joe Nossek was a backup on the Minnesota Twins' 1965 American League Pennant winners. He then had some not-so-good luck: He was with the Kansas City Athletics when they moved to Oakland, but before they started winning Division titles, was traded to the St. Louis Cardinals, after they had stopped winning Pennants. His career ended in 1970, and he batted just .228.

But he was an expert sign stealer, and was hired as a coach with several teams, serving the longest with the Chicago White Sox, helping them win Division titles in 1993, 1994 and 2000. He is now a scout for the Houston Astros, and finally got a World Series ring in 2017.

November 8, 1942: Operation Torch is launched, the Allied invasion of Nazi-held North Africa in World War II. Landing points include several points in Morocco, including Casablanca; and the Algerian cities of Algiers and Oran. At the time, Morocco and Algeria were French colonies, but were heavily influenced by Nazi-controlled "Vichy France."

The invasion is planned by Lieutenant General Dwight D. Eisenhower, who would learn from both the successes and mistakes of Operation Torch, a year and a half later when planning the Allied invasion of Western Europe, Operation Overlord, a.k.a. "D-Day."

By Thanksgiving Day, November 26, the Allies were in control of Morocco. On that day, the film Casablanca premiered, set in early December 1941, right before America entered The War due to the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor.

Among the American soldiers stationed in Casablanca at the time was Sergeant George Goldberg, later to rename himself George Golden, my future grandfather. A Yankee Fan from The Bronx, he was nominally Jewish, but hated organized religion, believing it to be the cause of all human strife. But, as they were determined to wipe the Jews off the face of the Earth, he hated the Nazis more than he hated religion, and enlisted.

Grandpa was a photographer in civilian life, and my mother once showed me some pictures he'd taken in the service. One showed a very tall French general, conferring with 2 of his officers. Grandpa may not have known who the general was, but, clearly, he was a man of some importance. It turned out to be Charles de Gaulle. If a soldier tried to take a picture of an army's commanding officer like that today, he'd be in big trouble.

Grandpa also served with the invading U.S. Army in Italy. In both cases, his ultimate commanding officer --- aside, of course, from his Commander-in-Chief, President Franklin D. Roosevelt -- was Major General, later Lieutenant General, George S. Patton, "Old Blood and Guts."

Also on this day, Angel Thomas Cordero Jr. is born in Santurce, Puerto Rico, the same hometown as Roberto Clemente. The 1st Puerto Rican elected to the United States Racing Hall of Fame, the son of renowned jockey and horse trainer Angel Cordero Sr. won 7,057 races, including the Kentucky Derby in 1974, 1976 and 1985; the Preakness Stakes in 1980 and 1984; the Belmont Stakes in 1976; 4 Breeders' Cup races, 3 Jockey Club Gold Cups, and an Arlington Million. He is still alive.

He came into controversy at the 1980 Preakness. He was riding Codex, and came upon Genuine Risk, who, 2 weeks earlier, had become the 1st filly in 65 years to win the Kentucky Derby. Jacinto Vásquez, Genuine Risk's Panamanian jockey and, as a fellow Hispanic, something of a rival to Cordero, got a little too close. Cordero nudged Codex over and bumped Genuine Risk, affecting the outcome of the race. Don't judge Cordero too harshly: Vásquez later got involved in some shady things, while this remained the only blot on Cordero's career.

Also on this day, Alessandro Mazzola is born in Turin, Italy, where his father, Valentino Mazzola, was a star with soccer team Torino, but died with most of his teammates in a plane crash in 1949, known as the Superga Disaster.

Sandro and his brother, Ferruccio Mazzola, overcame the loss of their father, and both played top-flight calcio (what the Italians call soccer). Ferruccio (1945-2013) was a midfielder for several teams, helping Rome club Lazio win its 1st Serie A (national league) title in 1974, alongside future New York Cosmos star Giorgio Chinaglia.

Sandro Mazzola was an attacking midfielder who played 17 seasons for Internazionale Milano, leading La Grande Inter to league titles in 1963, 1965, 1966 and 1971, and the European Cup in 1964 and 1965. He and Ferruccio were briefly teammates in 1967, when Inter again reached the European Cup Final, losing to Celtic. Between them, the father and 2 sons won 10 league titles.

Sandro helped Italy win Euro 1968, but they lost the Final of the 1970 World Cup, because the manager, Ferruccio Valcareggi, could never find a way to put the 2 great Milan-based stars of the era, Sandro Mazzola of Inter and Gianni Rivera of AC Milan, together in the same lineup. Sandro also played in the 1966 and 1974 World Cups. Sandro became a commentator for Italian network RAI, including for Italy's wins in the 1982 and 2006 World Cups, and is still active in that role.

November 8, 1943: Martin Stanford Peters is born in Plaistow, East London. The midfielder starred for his local club, West Ham United, and while he wasn't yet a regular when they won the 1964 FA Cup, he blossomed for them as they won the 1965 European Cup Winners' Cup.

That got him noticed by Alf Ramsey, manager of the England national team, and Peters was selected for the 1966 World Cup, which England won on home soil, with Peters starting in the Final. He later played in the 1970 World Cup, and for North London's Tottenham Hotspur, and won the League Cup in 1971 and 1973 and the UEFA Cup in 1972.

He later managed Sheffield United. Although he lived to see the 50th Anniversary of the World Cup win, 2016 was also the year he was diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease, along with several other members of that England team.

November 8, 1944, 75 years ago: Edward Emil Kranepool is born in Manhattan, and grows up in The Bronx. A star at James Monroe High School, the school's biggest since Hank Greenberg, and no MLB Draft then being in place, Ed Kranepool was fair game. The Bronx-based Yankees decided they didn't need him, so the Mets snapped him up.

He made his major league debut, still 17 years old, on September 22, 1962. He became my mother's favorite player, as he was the 1st man of her generation to make the majors, and with a local team, no less. He played mostly right field, and some 1st base, in 1963, but he'd been brought up too soon. He was sent down to Triple-A. He still couldn't hit, and was sent all the way back down to Class D (what we would now call the Rookie League.) A banner appeared at the Polo Grounds, mocking the not-yet-19-year-old: "IS KRANEPOOL OVER THE HILL?"

On May 30, 1964, he played all 18 innings of a doubleheader with the Buffalo Bisons, when the Mets called him back up. At brand-new Shea Stadium, they played a doubleheader against the San Francisco Giants, and the nightcap went 23 innings. Ed Kranepool played 50 innings in 2 days. But he was up for good: He made the National League All-Star Team in 1965 (only 20 years old), and was a member of the Mets' 1969 "Miracle" World Championship, and their 1973 National League Pennant.

Later in his career, he did commercials for Gillette Foamy shaving cream. One ad began with him repeatedly striking out on black-and-white film, and the announcer, possibly Met broadcaster Bob Murphy (the ad isn't on YouTube, and I'm working on memory here), said, "From 1962 to 1970, Ed Kranepool batted .227."

The ad then shows him lathering up with Foamy, then, with some symbolism, switches the film to color, and shows him slicing a line drive down the right field line for a double: "Since 1971, Ed's batted .283! What do you think of that, Ed?"

The ad plays on ballplayers' tendency toward superstition, and shows Ed, in the dugout, in full uniform but lathered up, holding a can of Foamy, saying, "I don't know, but now, I shave every other inning." (God only knows why he really started hitting better at age 26, but the stats were correct.)

He played his last game on September 30, 1979, shortly before turning 35, with a .261 lifetime batting average, and 1,418 career hits, a club record until surpassed by David Wright. He was elected to the Mets Hall of Fame, became a stockbroker, making enough money to live in tony Old Westbury, Long Island. But he developed diabetes, and had a toe amputated. At age 75, he has recently recovered from a kidney transplant.


He beats the Republican nominee, incumbent Vice President Richard Nixon. It is incredibly close: JFK wins 49.72 percent of the popular vote, Nixon 49.55, a margin of 118,000 votes. The Electoral Vote goes 303 to 219 for Kennedy (with 15 votes from Southern electors going elsewhere), making it look like it wasn't so close.

Kennedy won Illinois by about 4,500 votes. To this day, Republicans say JFK's friend, Mayor Richard J. Daley of Chicago, "stole" the State's vote for him.


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November 8, 1963: Hugo Ernesto Pérez Granados is born in Morazán, El Salvador, and moved to the San Francisco Bay Area at age 11, gaining U.S. citizenship. A midfielder, Hugo Pérez had the misfortune to be an American soccer star at a crisis moment for the sport in America.

He played for the Tampa Bay Rowdies and the San Diego Sockers, and on the U.S. Olympic team in 1984, but when the original North American Soccer League (NASL) folded in 1984, the Sockers stayed together, moved indoors to the San Diego Sports Arena, and dominated the Major Indoor Soccer League (MISL), the league that played on artificial turf on a pitch that fit into a hockey rink, with the boards preventing most balls from going out of bounds, resulting in higher scores.

He helped the Sockers win the MISL title in 1985, 1986, 1988, 1989 and 1990. In 1990, he was a member of the 1st U.S. Men's National Team to qualify for the World Cup in 40 years, but did not play due to injury. He also played on the U.S. team that won the 1991 CONCACAF Gold Cup, the USMNT's 1st international tournament title. He moved on to Örgryte IS of Gothenburg, Sweden, and was named the U.S. Soccer Player of the Year in 1991.

He played for the U.S. in the 1994 World Cup, then went to his homeland, and led Club Deportivo Futbolistas Asociados Santanecos, a.k.a. C.D. FAS (pronounced "Fahss"), for whom his father and grandfather had both played, to the El Salvadoran league title in 1995 and 1996, at which point he retired as a player.

He then went into management, including managing the U.S. Under-14 and Under-15 teams, and is now an assistant with the El Salvador national team. He is a member of our National Soccer Hall of Fame.

November 8, 1965: Jeffrey Michael Blauser is born in the San Francisco suburb of Los Gatos, California. The shortstop was a 2-time All-Star, and a member of 6 postseason teams with the Atlanta Braves, including 4 Pennant winners and the 1995 World Champions; and the Chicago Cubs' Wild Card winners of 1998. He later managed in the Braves' minor-league system.

November 8, 1966: President Lyndon B. Johnson signs into law an antitrust exemption that makes the planned merger of the National Football League and the American Football League into a single NFL possible.

Also on this day, Gordon James Ramsay Jr. is born in Johnstone, Renfrewshire, Scotland. Probably the most noted (or most notorious) TV chef today, his genius for food preparation and business is matched only by his abuse of those who don't follow his model. It is possible that, like Jack Benny with cheapness and Don Rickles with meanness, this is a public persona and that his real personality is the opposite, but who wants to find out for sure?

Ramsay is a fan of Glasgow soccer team Rangers, and had a trial with them in 1984, but wrecked his knee in training, and ended up playing only in 2 non-league matches. Perhaps soccer's loss was food's (and reality TV's) gain, but he still calls their home ground, Ibrox Stadium, "Home, sweet home." His restaurants in America, including the one at Caesar's Atlantic City, show European soccer matches on their TVs.

In 2016, an episode of Epic Rap Battles of History showed "Epic Lloyd" Ahlquist playing him, against Julia Child, played by Mamrie Hart, star of the YouTube series You Deserve a Drink. This is one of their few cross-gender battles, and it's one of their best.

November 8, 1967: Henry Anderson Rodríguez Lorenzo is born in Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic. The outfielder, known professionally as Henry Rodríguez, reached the postseason with the Los Angeles Dodgers in 1995, was an All-Star with the Montreal Expos in 1996, and reached the postseason with the Cubs in 1998 and the Yankees in 2001.

November 8, 1968: José Antonio Offerman Dono is born in San Pedro de Macorís, Dominican Republic. The shortstop reached the postseason with the Dodgers in 1995, the Boston Red Sox in 1999, and the Minnesota Twins in 2004. He was an All-Star in 1995 and 1999. He recently managed in the Mexican League. His daughter JoJo Offerman is a former pro wrestler turned ring announcer.

Also on this day, Star Trek airs its episode with the longest title: "For the World Is Hollow, and I have Touched the Sky." You may think, given the year of its airing, and the space setting of the show, that this episode was about drugs, a la Jimi Hendrix' line in "Purple Haze": "'Scuse me, while I kiss the sky."

But no, it was about a people inside a hollow asteroid, a "generation ship," on their way to a new world when their old one became uninhabitable. But it had been so long since they left, their entire civilization forgot that they were on a ship. An old man found out the truth, and told the Enterprise officers, who had come because the asteroid was headed for a star and certain destruction.

High Priestess Natira was played by Katherine Woodville, actually a blonde, and then married to Patrick Macnee of The Avengers. One of those "actors who's on every show," she lived until 2013.

In 2017, the Fox sci-fi series The Orville did an homage, titled "If the Stars Should Appear," with Liam Neeson appearing as the generation ship's founder, in what turned out to be a 2,000-year-old recording. The title comes from an essay by Ralph Waldo Emerson: "If the stars should appear one night in a thousand years, how men would believe and adore, and preserve for many generations the remembrance of the city of God which had been shown! But every night come out these envoys of beauty, and light the universe with their admonishing smile."

November 8, 1969, 50 years ago: Shane David Halter is born in the Washington suburb of La Plata, Maryland, and grows up in Hooks, in northeastern Texas. A utility player, he reached the Playoffs with the Mets in 1999 and the team then known as the Anaheim Angels in 2004. On October 1, 2000, for the Detroit Tigers, he played all 9 positions in the same game, going 4-for-5 with 3 RBIs against the Minnesota Twins, and being driven in as the game-winning run.

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November 8, 1970: The New Orleans Saints beat the Detroit Lions 19-17 at Tulane Stadium, on a last-play field goal by Tom Dempsey. Born with a club foot, Dempsey wears a special shoe, and his field goal is 63 yards. The previous record in the NFL was 56 yards.

There have since been 3 other 63-yard field goals, and a 64-yarder. But the 64-yarder and 2 of the 63-yarders were done in the thin air of Denver. Dempsey kicked his in New Orleans, below sea level.

November 8, 1971: The National Hockey League grants a franchise to Long Island, and the New York Islanders are born.

Also on this day, the PBS children's show Sesame Street debuts the character of Aloysius Snuffleupagus -- or, as his best friend Big Bird calls him, Mr. Snuffleupagus or Snuffy. He was portrayed by Jerry Nelson until 1978, then Michael Earl until 1981, and by Martin P. Robinson ever since.

Snuffy was meant to represent kids'"imaginary friends." As a result, until 1988, only Big Bird and the kids ever saw him, and the grownups thought he didn't exist, and they said, "Big Bird, you sure have some imagination."

I was born a few weeks after Sesame Street's debut in 1969, and grew up with it and watching it. At the start of every episode, a graphic of a number appeared on the screen. It took me years to figure out what this number meant: It was the number of episodes that had aired. I had hoped that they would celebrate the 2,000th episode of the show by finally letting the grownups see Snuffy, and realize that Big Bird had been telling the truth all along. No such luck. I pinned my hopes on the 2,500th episode, but that one also came and went without the revelation. So I figured they were never going to do it, and gave up hope for the 3,000th.

The show's writers realized that, by seeing that the grownups didn't believe Big Bird, kids might start thinking that grownups might not believe them about more important things. So they wrote an episode in which the grownups saw Snuffy. It aired on November 18, 1985. This was also the debut appearance of Elmo, who turns out to be instrumental in Snuffy's revelation.

That was what I call the "hinge episode" of Sesame Street. Before it, it was just the Street, with occasional ventures outside, and the original (or sort-of original) cast. After that, there were adjacent streets, new characters, old ones were phased out (due to the actors' retirements or, in a couple of cases, deaths), and Elmo became, metaphorically, the 800-pound gorilla that dominated the show.

November 8, 1972: Gretchen Mol (no middle name) is born in Deep River, on the Boston side of Connecticut. She played Officer Annie Norris on Life On Mars, and Gillian Darmody on Boardwalk Empire. She now has a recurring role on the show Seven Seconds.

November 8, 1973: Jesse Marsch (no middle name) is born in Racine, Wisconsin. A midfielder, he played soccer at Princeton University, and won the 1st 3 MLS Cups: In 1996 and 1997 with D.C. United, and in 1998 with the Chicago Fire. He also won the U.S. Open Cup, the American version of the FA Cup, with D.C. in 1996 (making for a Double), and with Chicago in 1998 (another Double), 2000 and 2003; and the Supporters' Shield, the MLS regular-season title, with D.C. in 1997 and Chicago in 2003.

He went into coaching, and managed the Montreal Impact in 2012, and the New York Red Bulls starting in 2015. That year, he led them to the Supporters' Shield, and was named MLS Coach of the Year.

But in the middle of the 2018 season, Red Bull, which also owns teams in their headquarters of Salzburg, Austria and Leipzig, Germany, transferred him to be assistant manager of RB Leipzig. Chris Armas brought the Red Bulls another Supporters' Shield, and Jesse got another winners' medal for it. Marsch was promoted to full manager of RB Salzburg for 2019, and is now highly regarded in Europe. Meanwhile, RBNY fans hate Armas and want him fired.

Also on this day, David Jason Muir is born in Syracuse, New York. Since 2014, he has been the anchor of ABC World News Tonight.

Also on this day, Carl Albert, Speaker of the House, Democrat of Oklahoma -- and, with President Richard Nixon, a Republican, under fire due to Watergate, and with the Vice Presidency vacant due to the resignation (for a totally separate reason) of Spiro Agnew, next in line to be President -- receives a memo from Ted Sorensen, who had been the chief speechwriter for President John F. Kennedy.

Under the 25th Amendment to the Constitution, Nixon had appointed Gerald Ford of Michigan, then the House Minority Leader, to be the new Vice President, but his confirmation hearings hadn't been held yet. It had been rumored that Albert was actually going to resign as Speaker, and ask the Democratic caucus to join with the Republicans in electing Ford as Speaker, so that if Nixon were to resign or be impeached and removed, Ford would then become President.

Sorensen told him not to do that, suggesting instead that, should he become President, he allow Ford's confirmation, and then resign as President. It never came to that, as Ford was confirmed and sworn in on December 6, 1973, and he became President when Nixon resigned on August 9, 1974.

Nixon died in 1994, Ford in 2006. If either of them ever knew about this, they didn't say so publicly. Albert retired after the 1976 election, and died in 2000. Sorensen died in 2010.

November 8, 1975: Notre Dame beats Georgia Tech 24-3 at Notre Dame Stadium in South Bend, Indiana. By the Fighting Irish's standards, it was an unremarkable game in an unremarkable season, going 8-3 with no invitation to a bowl game, and with the 2 guys who would become their biggest stars, quarterback Joe Montana and linebacker Bob Golic, both being freshmen and backups.

But in this last home game for several seniors, head coach Dan Devine, who took over this season from the retiring Ara Parseghian, decided -- on his own, not persuaded to do so like the movie said -- to have defensive end Daniel Eugene "Rudy" Ruettiger, who hadn't played a down in 4 years and wouldn't get another chance, dress in his Number 45 uniform for the game.

Devine sends Ruettiger in for Notre Dame's final defensive series, and he is in for 3 plays: A kickoff, an incomplete pass by Tech quarterback Rudy Allen (whose name actually was Rudolph), and a sack of Allen by Ruettiger. And thus did the story of the film Rudy, starring Sean Astin, end. At least they got that part right. It's not the most ridiculous movie ever made about Notre Dame football, but it is about the school's most ridiculous player.

Also on this day, The Summit opens in Houston. The arena becomes the home of the Houston Rockets, who win their 1st game there on this night, 116-112 over the Cleveland Cavaliers. It will be their home until the Toyota Center opens in 2003, including back-to-back NBA Championships in 1994 and 1995.

It is also the home of the World Hockey Association's Houston Aeros from 1975 to 1978. It is now the Lakewood Church Central Campus, the seat of Dr. Joel Osteen's "megachurch." It probably pisses him off to no end that the cheers he gets there are less than those gotten there by Hakeem Olajuwon, a black Muslim.

It didn't help that, during Hurricane Harvey in August 2017, he refused to open it as a shelter for those fleeing the floods until shamed into doing so on social media. People like him are why people believe the quote that is often incorrectly attributed to Gandhi: "Your Christians are so unlike your Christ."

Also on this day, Saturday Night Live is hosted by Candice Bergen, who does a great parody of Catherine Deneuve's Chanel No. 5 commercials. The musical guest is Esther Phillips. This episode also features the debuts of 2 legendary characters: Chevy Chase's Land Shark, a parody of the year's biggest film, Jaws; and Andy Kaufman's Foreign Man, who would later become the Taxi character Latka Gravas.

November 8, 1977: Nicholas Paul Punto is born in San Diego. The shortstop reached the postseason with the Minnesota Twins in 2004, 2006, 2009 and 2010; won the World Series with the St. Louis Cardinals in 2011; and reached the postseason with the Los Angeles Dodgers in 2013 and the Oakland Athletics in 2014.

Also on this day, M*A*S*H airs the episode "Change Day." During the Korean War, the U.S. Army is trying to foil local counterfeiters and black marketeers, by exchanging "scrip," the substitute for regular U.S. money, and Major Charles Winchester (David Ogden Stiers) has a plan to make a lot of money off of this. Captains Ben "Hawkeye" Pierce (Alan Alda) and B.J. Hunnicutt (Mike Farrell) have a plan to stop and humiliate him. Clearly, this is a plot that would have been given to Major Frank Burns had Larry Linville not quit the show after the previous season ended, with his replacement by Stiers.

A crazier plan still is the latest one to get out of the Army by Corporal Max Klinger (Jamie Farr): Through his uncle's political connections in Ohio, he got an appointment to the U.S. Military Academy at West Point, New York. If he's accepted, he'll be out of Korea and back in the States. And if he flunks out there, well, then he's discharged, and home.

There's 2 flaws in this plan. One is that his discharge would be dishonorable, and that means no veterans' benefits. Did Max not care? Maybe not. The other flaw is that, in order to be accepted as a Cadet, he has to pass an entrance exam, which would make the rest of his plan impossible if he fails. Take a wild guess as to whether he passes.

November 8, 1977 is also an Election Day in America. Congressman Ed Koch, having already gone through a bruising Democratic Primary, and a runoff against Mario Cuomo, then the Secretary of State for the State of New York, is finally elected Mayor. He would win 3 terms, and help bring the City back from economic ruin. But, despite his bold promises, crime would continue to be out of control -- including, as it turned out, in the City government, which ended up dooming his chances for a 4th term in 1989.

Governor Brendan Byrne of New Jersey is re-elected. He had won his 1st term with 66 percent of the vote, but his signing of the State's 1st sales tax infuriated people, dropping him to 17 percent in the polls, and earning him the nickname "One-Term Byrne." The anger faded, and he won 56 percent of the vote against State Senator Ray Bateman.

In his 2nd term, he got the Meadowlands Arena built in 1981, just before he was term-limited out of office, and his name was placed on it. In 1996, the naming rights expired, and, still angry over his tax hike, a vengeful Republican legislators sold the name to Continental Airlines. "I was immortal for 15 years," Byrne said.

In San Francisco, where the city council is known as the Board of Supervisors, Harvey Milk is elected to a seat that includes the Castro district, along with New York's Greenwich Village then the most famous "gay neigbhorhood" in America. The 47-year-old Long Island native and camera store owner becomes the 1st openly gay public official to win elective office anywhere in America.

Milk thus becomes a gay icon, and many people hope he'll become their "Martin Luther Queen." Unfortunately, within a year, he will face the same end as Martin Luther King: Assassination and martyrdom.

November 8, 1979, 40 years ago: ABC begins airing The Iran Crisis: America Held Hostage after its local news. Hosted by Ted Koppel, it becomes one of the few shows to survive going up against NBC's The Tonight Show Starring Johnny Carson.

On March 24, 1980, with the Iran Hostage Crisis still ongoing (it lasted from November 4, 1979 to January 20, 1981), the show's name was changed to Nightline. It would become arguably ABC's best news show. Koppel retired as host in 2005.

In 2012, it switched its 11:35 timeslot with the 12:35 Jimmy Kimmel Live! Somehow, I doubt this would have happened had Koppel, who is still alive, still been the host. Currently, it has 3 rotating hosts: Dan Harris, Byron Pitts and Juju Chang.

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November 8, 1980: The University of Georgia, ranked Number 2 in the country, faces one of their biggest rivals, the University of Florida, currently ranked Number 20, at the Gator Bowl in Jacksonville. Thus far, Georgia has gone 8-0 and is threatening for the Southeastern Conference and National Championships, thanks to sensational freshman running back Herschel Walker.

But Florida leads 21-20 with time running out, and has the Bulldogs on a 3rd and long from their own 7-yard line. Quarterback Buck Belue gets flushed out of the pocket, into his own end zone. He sees Lindsay Scott in the middle of the field near the 25-yard line, and throws. Scott hauls it in, reaches the sideline, and, with just seconds left on the clock, Georgia's radio announcer, Larry Munson, says this:

Florida in a stand-up five. They may or may not blitz. Buck back, 3rd down, on the 8. In trouble, he got a block behind him. Gotta throw on the run. Complete to the 25! To the 30, Lindsay Scott 35, 40, Lindsay Scott 45, 50, 45, 40! Run, Lindsay! 25, 20, 15, 10, 5, Lindsay Scott! Lindsay Scott! Lindsay Scott!

Final score: Georgia 26, Florida 21. That same day, Georgia's other major team, Georgia Tech, held Number 1-ranked Notre Dame to a 3-3 tie, unwittingly sending the Bulldogs, their arch-rivals, to the top of the polls, where they stayed the rest of the way. The "Run Lindsay Run" game (which Munson didn't quite say) is the most famous installment of the rivalry known as "The World's Largest Outdoor Cocktail Party."

Also on this day, Madison Central High School of Old Bridge, Middlesex County, New Jersey beats East Brunswick, 32-7, and clinches the Middlesex County Athletic Conference title. The school eventually known as Old Bridge goes on to reach the Central Jersey Group III Final at Giants Stadium, but loses to Hillsborough of Somerset County.

For East Brunswick, later to be my high school, this is the only game they lose in the regular season. They will gain the top seed in the Central Jersey Group IV Playoffs, their 1st Playoff berth, but lose the Semifinal to Raritan of Hazlet.

November 8, 1981: Bradley Joseph Davis is born in the St. Louis suburb of St. Charles, Missouri. A left wing, he made his Major League Soccer debut with the New York/New Jersey MetroStars (forerunners of the New York Red Bulls) in 2002. In 2006 and 2007, he won MLS Cups with the Houston Dynamo.

A 6-time MLS All-Star, he concluded his playing career in 2016, with Sporting Kansas City. For the U.S. national team, he helped them with the 2005 CONCACAF Gold Cup, but only appeared in 1 World Cup, in 2014. He retired after the 2016 season.

Also on this day, Joseph John Cole is born in Paddington, West London. The left winger won the Intertoto Cup with East London's West Ham United in 1999. With West London's Chelsea, he won the Premier League in 2005, 2006 and 2010; the FA Cup in 2007, 2009 and 2010 (a Double); and the League Cup in 2005 and 2007 (a Cup Double). He later played for the new version of the Tampa Bay Rowdies in the United Soccer League, North American soccer's 2nd division, and is now back at Chelsea as a coach.

In 2010, Goal.com announced 2 "done deals": Joe Cole was being signed by North London's Arsenal, and Marouane Chamakh of French club Girondins de Bordeaux was being signed by Liverpool. It turned out to be the other way around: Cole to Liverpool, and Chamakh to Arsenal. "Reporting" things like this are why that website is called Fail.com. To be fair, though, both Arsenal and Liverpool might have been better off had Goal.com been right.

Also on this day, The Brooklyn Bridge premieres on PBS. It is the 1st documentary film produced by Florentine Films and its head, Ken Burns. Burns and PBS have worked together ever since.

November 8, 1986: Manchester United play their 1st game under new manager Alex Ferguson. It is a Football League Division One match, away to Oxford United, and they lose, 2-0. Not an auspicious beginning.

Also on this day, Jamie Huw Roberts is born in Newport, Wales. A star for legendary Welsh rugby club Cardiff Blues, he now plays for Somerset club Bath Rugby. He helped Wales win the Six Nations Championship in 2012 and 2013.

Also on this day, Vyacheslav Molotov dies of heart trouble in Moscow at age 96. A major player in Soviet politics from 1930 until 1957, he had been forced out by Nikita Khrushchev, but the leaders after him had rehabilitated his reputation. The former Foreign Minister was the last survivor of the Soviets' World War II command, and with his death, the book on the USSR's founding era was closed.

November 8, 1987: Korakuen Stadium in Tokyo, the home of Japanese baseball, closes after 51 seasons. While playing there, the Yomiuri Giants of the Central League won 31 Pennants and 16 Japan Series; while the Nippon Ham Fighters of the Pacific League, now based in Sapporo, won the Pennant in 1981.

The 42,337-seat stadium also hosted the 1st NFL game played outside North America, a 20-10 preseason win by the St. Louis Cardinals over the San Diego Chargers; the farewell concerts of Japanese "idol groups" Candies in 1978 and Pink Lady in 1981; and the start of Michael Jackson's 1st solo tour in 1987. The Tokyo Dome was built next-door, and Korakuen Stadium was immediately demolished, with the Tokyo Dome hotel built on the site.

Also on this day, Samuel Jacob Bradford is born in Oklahoma City. The quarterback won the Heisman Trophy with the University of Oklahoma in 2008. He was NFL Offensive Rookie of the Year with the St. Louis Rams in 2010, and got the Minnesota Vikings to the 2017 NFC Championship Game. He was cut by the Arizona Cardinals last year, and has not been signed by another team.

November 8, 1988: The 2nd ARCO Arena opens in Sacramento, and the Sacramento Kings lose to the Seattle SuperSonics, 97-75. The Kings called the building, renamed Sleep Train Arena after a bedding company in 2012, home until 2016, when the Golden 1 Center opened. The old arena's future is uncertain. The 1st ARCO Arena, home of the Kings from 1985 to 1988, has been converted into an office building.

This was also the day of my 1st election. At Hammarskjold Middle School in East Brunswick, New Jersey, which I had attended (as Hammarskjold Junior High School) from September 1981 to June 1984, I cast a vote for the straight Democratic ticket, including for the Presidential nominee, Governor Michael S. Dukakis of Massachusetts.

Dukakis lost to Vice President George H.W. Bush, 426 Electoral Votes to 111, 53.4 percent to 45.6. He had blown it by inadequately responding to some truly filthy and (mostly) false attacks. Indeed, everybody that I voted for lost, with one exception.

The next day, I was in New Brunswick, job-hunting. I saw the Middlesex County Democratic Campaign Headquarters, and realized I'd never gotten a Dukakis button. I wanted one. So I went in, and there was the Mayor of New Brunswick at the time, John Lynch, talking to Senator Frank Lautenberg, the one person I voted for who won. Not wanting to interrupt, I waited for them to finish talking. When Lautenberg came my way, I offered him my hand and congratulated him on his re-election. He walked right past me.

I met Lynch a few years later, after he'd resigned as Mayor because he'd become President of the State Senate, making him effectively (we didn't have the office at the time) the Lieutenant Governor. He was a much nicer guy. Unfortunately, he later went to prison for corruption. But I'm still proud to have voted for Dukakis. I still don't have one of his buttons, though.

November 8, 1989, 30 years ago: The NBA's expansion Minnesota Timberwolves play their 1st home game, at the Target Center in Minneapolis. But they really chose the wrong opponent: The Chicago Bulls, who win, 96-84. Michael Jordan blitzes his way to 45 points, while Tony Campbell nets 31 for the shellshocked hosts. At least the inaugural fans got their money's worth from Jordan.

Also on this day, Giancarlo Cruz Michael Stanton is born in Los Angeles. Growing up, most people called him "Mike Stanton," but, not wanting to be confused with the relief pitcher for several teams, including the Yankee Dynasty, he began going by "Giancarlo Stanton."

The right fielder reached the major leagues with the Miami Marlins in 2010, and became a Yankee in 2018. He has hit 308 career home runs, including some of the longest in the major leagues since his debut. He is a 4-time All-Star, led the National League in homers in 2014, and led it in home runs and RBIs in 2017, and was awarded the NL's Most Valuable Player.

But in 2018, he became "the new A-Rod." Like Alex Rodriguez, the last huge-priced free agent the Yankees went after, he hits home runs, but not when they're most needed, and he evaporated in his 1st postseason. Injuries limited him to 18 games in 2019. His career postseason batting average is just .235. If Stanton wants to be known as "a real Yankee," he has to win the World Series. A-Rod got his 2009. Maybe 2020 will be Stanton's year.

Also on this day, Morgan Schneiderlin is born in Zellwiller, France. The midfielder starred for English soccer team Southampton until his acquisition by Manchester United, with whom he won the 2016 FA Cup. But he got frozen out by new manager Jose Mourinho, and was sold to Liverpool-based Everton. He played for France in the 2014 World Cup, and helped them reach the Final of Euro 2016. He was not selected for the 2018 World Cup, which France won.

November 8, 1990: The Los Angeles Kings retire the Number 16 of Marcel Dionne. They beat the Detroit Red Wings, 5-1 at the Forum in Inglewood.

November 8, 1994, 25 years ago: Election Day is a repudiation of the Democratic Party, in particular President Bill Clinton, his now-withdrawn health care reform plan, and his Assault Weapons Ban. The Republican Party gains 52 seats in the U.S. House of Representatives, giving them control of that body for the 1st time in 40 years, and making Newt Gingrich of Georgia the Speaker. It also gains 9 seats in the U.S. Senate, giving them control of that body for the 1st time in 8 years, returning Bob Dole of Kansas to the office of Senate Majority Leader.

In New York State, Mario Cuomo is defeated for a 4th term as Governor by Peekskill Mayor George Pataki. In Texas, George W. Bush, son of the most recent Republican President, is elected Governor, defeating the State's 1st female Governor, Ann Richards. Bush's brother, John Ellis "Jeb" Bush, narrowly loses to Governor Lawton Chiles of Florida. I suspect that, had it not been for the Savings & Loan Scandal, another brother, Neil Bush, would have run for Governor of Colorado.

November 8, 1999, 20 years ago: Arsenal hold a testimonial match for right back Lee Dixon at Arsenal Stadium in Highbury, North London. The opposition is Real Madrid, which goes on to win that season's UEFA Champions League. This time, though, Arsenal win 3-1. The goals are scored by Patrick Vieira, Dennis Bergkamp, and Stefan Malz.

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November 8, 2003: A North London Derby is played at Highbury. Tottenham Hotspur, a.k.a. Spurs, hadn't beaten Arsenal away since 1993. But this time, they take a 1-0 lead in the 1st half. Arsenal gain an equalizer, and, late in the game, Freddie Ljungberg shoots, and it is deflected high into the air. Arsenal's Dennis Bergkamp throws his fists into the air even before the ball starts coming back down, knowing it will go in. Arsenal win, 2-1.

The newspaper The Observer calls it "another stuttering performance." But it is the 11th game of the 38-game League season, and Arsenal are still unbeaten for the season. They will get it done, and Tottenham will still not win away to Arsenal until 2010, by which point Arsenal had moved into the Emirates Stadium.

Also on this day, tennis star Andy Roddick hosts Saturday Night Live. Long-retired star John McEnroe, now a commentator on tennis matches, also appears.

November 8, 2005: NCIS airs the episode "Under Covers." Special Agents Tony DiNozzo and Ziva David have to go undercover as assassins who were married to each other but killed on the job. The cover has to be so deep that, knowing they're being spied on by people who don't know that the real asssassins are dead (NCIS wants to keep up the illusion that the attempt was unsuccessful, to lure the killers out), they have to simulate sex.

Tony, 37 years old (the same age as his portrayer, Michael Weatherly) wants the real thing, but Ziva (about to turn 33, 3 years younger than her portrayer, Cote de Pablo), correctly thinking that he's a boorish, overgrown frat boy (though a great cop), doesn't.

Things get complicated when medical examiner Dr. Donald "Ducky" Mallard (David McCallum) examines the actual assassins' dead bodies, and discovers that the wife was pregnant, thus giving them a reason to want out of the business, thus giving NCIS a motive and thus a suspect.

Eventually, Tony will "grow up," and Ziva will leave the agency, thus exempting their relationship from "Never date a co-worker," Rule Number 12 of their boss, Special Agent Leroy Jethro Gibbs (Mark Harmon), and the subset of show fans who was rooting for the relationship they called "Tiva" to happen finally get their wish - 9 years later.

November 8, 2008: Arsenal defeat Manchester United 2-1 at the Emirates Stadium, with newly-acquired midfielder Samir Nasri scoring both goals. Nasri, acquired from his hometown team, Olympique de Marseille in France, will turn out to be a large disappointment, and will be sold to Manchester City in 2011.

November 8, 2011: Ed Macauley dies in St. Louis at age 83. After starring for the Boston Celtics, who retired his Number 22, he led his hometown St. Louis Hawks to the 1958 NBA Championship. He is in the Basketball Hall of Fame.

November 8, 2014: The Montreal Canadiens retire the Number 5 of Guy Lapointe. They beat the Minnesota Wild, 4-1 at the Bell Centre.

November 8, 2016: I told you to vote for Hillary. Some of you listened. Some of you didn't, and are feeling fooled -- as you damn well should feel. I forgive you. Some of you didn't listen, and still support Trump. I do not forgive you.

Some of you didn't listen, but still say Hillary was not a better choice. You are the problem, not those others. You made the difference, not the people who supported Trump then and still support him now.

Top 5 Reasons You Can't Blame Hillary Clinton for "Losing" the Presidential Election

5. Donald Trump. Say what you want about the guy -- while you still can -- and I have. But, however despicable, his campaign was very effective.

4. Trump Cheated. Vladimir Putin and the Russian government, and Julian Assange and his WikiLeaks (or "RusskiLeaks"), fabricated statements that spoke to the "Crooked Hillary" lie, and a bunch of gullible people believed it.

3. James Comey. The Director of the FBI, in effect, turned the election with 2 weeks to go by revealing... nothing at all, but raising suspicions. And yet, if Trump does fall (by means other than a re-election defeat in 2020), Comey might end up being one of the heroes, through his testimony, secured by Special Counsel Robert Mueller.
2. The Media. They were absolutely terrified of being called "liberal" and the charge that the election was "rigged." So they weren't willing to call Trump out on his crimes and lies, as they had been against John McCain in 2008 and Mitt Romney in 2012.

Then there were those media outlets that actually promoted Trump, because they either had a financial interest in a close election, or actually wanted a conservative to be President, or wanted the "entertainment" of a Trump Presidency. You know, like when the entertainer Ronald Reagan was in office. In each of these cases, you people know who you are. And we will not forget.

1. The Progressive Purists. The people who wanted Bernie Sanders, but didn't go along with him when he endorsed Hillary. The people who voted for Jill Stein instead. The people who voted for Gary Johnson instead. The people who actually considered Trump to be more progressive. And the people who stayed home, and didn't vote at all.

As we celebrate yesterday's great victories in New Jersey and Virginia, each in its own way a repudiation of Trump, and of the Republican party in general, think about this:

A person now 18 years old, born in 2000, the 1st year of the 21st Century, and voting for the 1st time this past Tuesday, would have been 4 when George W. Bush was re-elected as a "strong leader" who stood up for "real Americans," and 5 when Hurricane Katrina happened.

I was 6 during the 1976 election. I was aware of it happening, but I didn't know the issues that were being discussed. By 1980, age 10, I was old enough to know, if not yet to fully appreciate.

Therefore, the generation coming into voting age in what currently stands to be the Trump term, 2017 to 2020, remembers only Democrats being honest, competent and solid leaders, remembering Republicans only as liars, fools and bigots.

If conservatives aren't afraid yet, they should be.